The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious trophy on fourteen different times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the match featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck two times late to seize a surprise lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital leveler in the dying moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.